Jharkhand
Jharkhand is a state in eastern India, carved out of southern Bihar in the year 2000. It is rich in minerals, forests, and tribal traditions, and plays a major role in India’s industrial and natural resource sectors. Jharkhand shares borders with Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and West Bengal.
Geography and Environment
Jharkhand is heavily forested, with sal and bamboo trees covering large tracts of land. It has hills, waterfalls, and rivers like the Subarnarekha, Damodar, and Koel. The Betla National Park and Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary support elephants, tigers, and other rare fauna.
Economy
Jharkhand is among India’s leading producers of coal, iron ore, copper, and mica. Major industries include steel (with hubs like Jamshedpur and Bokaro), power generation, and mining. Companies like Tata Steel and SAIL have major operations here. Agriculture and handloom are also important for rural livelihoods.
Culture and Tribes
Jharkhand is home to numerous Adivasi (tribal) communities such as the Santhal, Ho, Munda, and Oraon. Folk dances like Chhau, Jhumar, and Paika reflect the state's tribal heritage. Festivals like Sarhul, Karam, and Maghe Parab are central to its cultural calendar.
Education and Institutions
Notable educational centers include IIT Dhanbad (ISM), XLRI Jamshedpur, BIT Mesra, and Ranchi University. The state has also emphasized tribal education and vocational training to bridge socio-economic gaps.
Tourism
Tourist attractions include Hundru Falls, Netarhat, Rajrappa Temple, Parasnath Hills, and Deoghar (a key Jyotirlinga site). The natural beauty and tribal culture make Jharkhand a growing destination for eco-tourism and heritage tourism.
Governance
Jharkhand has a unicameral legislature and is governed by a Chief Minister-led executive. The High Court is situated in Ranchi. Political movements for tribal autonomy have historically shaped its governance priorities.
See also
India Ranchi Jamshedpur Santhal tribe Chhau dance Coal industry in India Startup Company Entrepreneur Brand